What is meant by tolerance in manufacturing?

Tolerance in manufacturing refers to the permissible limits of variation in a physical dimension or measured value. This concept is crucial because it acknowledges that no manufacturing process can achieve absolute precision; therefore, some level of variability is expected and acceptable. By allowing for variation, manufacturers can reduce waste and improve efficiency, as stringent adherence to exact measurements in every product can lead to high scrap rates and cost inefficiencies.

This understanding of tolerance supports quality control processes and ensures that parts can fit and function together correctly even when individual pieces may have slight differences from their specified dimensions. It strikes a balance between the ideal of precise measurements and the practical realities of manufacturing capabilities. Therefore, allowing for variation ultimately results in more efficient production processes and better use of materials, aligning with the goals of reducing waste and optimizing resource use.