When applying "Reduce" in product design, what should designers aim to lower?

In product design, the principle of "Reduce" focuses on minimizing the consumption of resources throughout the product's lifecycle. This includes lowering the amount of processed materials used in the manufacturing phase as well as reducing energy consumption during production and operation. By doing so, designers contribute to sustainability efforts by minimizing waste and decreasing the environmental impact associated with resource extraction and energy use. This approach is crucial for creating more efficient products and promoting a more sustainable design ethos.

Focusing on the other options, decreasing the lifespan of products would be counterproductive, as it encourages a cycle of disposable goods that contributes to waste. Lowering the quality of consumer goods also contradicts the objective of product design, which aims to provide value and satisfaction to consumers. Lastly, reducing the number of available product options does not generally align with the goals of modern design, which often seeks to offer diversity and cater to varying consumer needs and preferences. Therefore, the aim when applying "Reduce" in design is to minimize the materials and energy used, as indicated in the correct choice.